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| Post = Marquis Min }} Xiahou Yuan (died 219), courtesy name Miaocai, was a military general serving under the warlord Cao Cao in the late Eastern Han dynasty. He is known for his exploits in northwestern China (areas in present-day Gansu, Ningxia and Shaanxi provinces) in the 210s, in which he defeated Cao Cao's rivals Ma Chao and Han Sui in Liang Province and the surrounding areas, and forced several Di and Qiang tribal peoples into submission through military force. He was killed in action at the Battle of Mount Dingjun while defending Hanzhong commandery from attacks by a rival warlord Liu Bei. Xiahou Yuan's death was highly dramatised in Luo Guanzhong's historical novel ''Romance of the Three Kingdoms'', in which he was slain by Liu Bei's general Huang Zhong during a surprise raid. ==Early life and career== Xiahou Yuan was from Qiao county (譙縣) in the Pei state (沛國), which is in present-day Bozhou, Anhui. He was a younger cousin of Xiahou Dun and a descendant of Xiahou Ying, who served under the Han dynasty's founding emperor, Liu Bang (Emperor Gao). Cao Cao once committed a serious offence and Xiahou Yuan helped him shoulder the blame. Cao Cao later saved him.〔(夏侯淵字妙才，惇族弟也。太祖居家，曾有縣官事，淵代引重罪，太祖營救之，得免。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 9.〕 When a famine broke out in Yan and Yu provinces, Xiahou Yuan and his family were adversely affected, and he decided to abandon his youngest son in favour of his deceased younger brother's orphaned daughter.〔(魏略曰：時兖、豫大亂，淵以饑乏，棄其幼子，而活亡弟孤女。) ''Weilue'' annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 9.〕 In 190, when Cao Cao was raising an army to join the campaign against Dong Zhuo, Xiahou Yuan joined Cao and became a Major of Separate Command (別部司馬) and Cavalry Commandant (騎都尉) under Cao. He was subsequently appointed as the Administrator (太守) of Chenliu (陳留; around present-day Kaifeng, Henan) and Yingchuan (潁川; in present-day central Henan) commanderies.〔(太祖起兵，以別部司馬、騎都尉從，遷陳留、潁川太守。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 9.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xiahou Yuan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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